1893 The Kombi Camera and Graphoscope is invented and manufactured by Alfred C. Kemper. This camera has many firsts to its credit. It is the first camera to combine the taking and viewing of photographs in the same instrument. The Kombi was first miniature roll film camera and the first to use film manufactured by Kodak solely for use in a non-Kodak camera.
* The first metal-bodied roll film camera
* The first interchangeable back for roll-film cameras

1895 The Cinematographe (kinetoscope de projection) is patented by Louis Jean Lumiere and his brother August Marie Louis Nicolas Lumiere

1913 Oskar Barnack at E. Leitz Optische Werke, Wetzlar, developed a few prototype cameras to use 35 mm still image format based on standard cinema film, "Small negatives, large images". In 1924 Leica produces the First production 35mm camera model, the Leica 1.
(later 1935 model depicted on left)